Иерусалим - Часовня вознесения.

(По следам экскурсии с nehag_sus)

В последних строчках Евангелия от Луки воскресший Иисус является апостолам в Иерусалиме, ест с ними рыбу и мёд, разъясняет священное писание, а затем (24:50-51) выводит их из города до Вифании и возносится на небо. Другие описания вознесения Иисуса, но без указания на место происшествия, можно найти у Марка (16) и в Деяниях апостолов (1). К концу 4-го века сформировалась традиция, согласно которой вознесение произошло в указанном Лукой направлении, но заметно ближе Вифании - в верхней части Масличной горы, "на холме" (гр. Имвомон). Так писала в 380-е паломница Эгерия (XLIII):

So all the people return, each to his house, to rest themselves, and immediately after breakfast they ascend the Mount of Olives, that is, to Eleona, each as he can, so that there is no Christian left in the city who does not go. When, therefore, they have gone up the Mount of Olives, that is, to Eleona, they first enter the Imbomon, that is, the place whence the Lord ascended into heaven, and the bishops and the priests take their seat there, and likewise all the people. Lessons are read there with hymns interspersed, antiphons too are said suitable to the day and the place, also the prayers which are interspersed have likewise similar references. The passage from the Gospel is also read where it speaks of the Lord's Ascension, also that from the Acts of the Apostles which tells of the Ascension of the Lord into heaven after His Resurrection.

О церкви на этом месте впервые сообщил лет сто спустя Иоанн Руф в житии Петра Ивера; по его данным, церковь построила знатная римлянка Пимения, видимо всё ещё в 4-м веке. В 614-м персы, согласно Антиоху Стратигу, разгромили на Масличной горе по крайней мере один монастырь и убили 1207 человек; вероятно, в числе прочих пострадала и церковь вознесения. Восстановление приписывается патриарху Модесту (632-4), но Прингл полагает, что речь скорее идёт о другой церкви, вознесения Марии в Гефсимании. Так или иначе, примерно в 670-м Аркульф описал объект как круглое открытое сооружение, окружённое тремя портиками; и земля там сохраняла отпечатки ног Иисуса, что бы с ней ни делали.

On the whole Mount of Olives there seems to be no spot higher than that from which the Lord is said to have ascended into the heavens, where there stands a great round church, having in its circuit three vaulted porticoes covered over above. The interior of the church, without roof or vault, lies open to heaven under the open air, having in its eastern side an altar protected under a narrow covering. So that in this way the interior has no vault, in order that from the place where the Divine footprints are last seen, when the Lord was carried up into heaven in a cloud, the way may be always open and free to the eyes of those who pray towards heaven. For when this basilica, of which I have now made slight mention, was building, that place of the footprints of the Lord, as we find written elsewhere, could not be enclosed under the covering with the rest of the buildings. Whatever was applied, the unaccustomed earth, refusing to receive anything human, cast back into the face of those who brought it. And, moreover, the mark of the dust that was trodden by the Lord is so lasting that the impression of the footsteps may be perceived; and although the faith of such as gather daily at the spot snatches away some of what was trodden by the Lord, yet the area perceives no loss, and the ground still retains that same appearance of being marked by the impress of footsteps.

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